Amazon’s claim that it is selling more e-books than hardbacks is surprising only in how quickly it has happened. It was bound to happen sometime.

First, a couple of caveats. Hardbacks represent a small proportion of book sales. E-books outselling paperbacks would have been a far more significant story. Plus, Amazon is keen to promote the Kindle (note the recent price drop) in the face of serious competition from the Apple iPad. But anyway…

For all that traditionalists witter on about how the printed book will never die (which is almost certainly true, in a highly qualified way), the transition to e-books is inevitable. And it will happen in a piecemeal fashion, affecting one discrete area of the publishing world after another.

Hardbacks are a soft target because they’re expensive. Textbooks will yield to digitisation because you don’t read them for pleasure and the many benefits of the e-book – especially search – have particular attractions here. What’s more, the current generation of students doesn’t have the same relationship with ‘books’ that typified previous generations. I’ve heard numerous professors claim that their students complain bitterly if asked to read an entire book. They are far more accustomed to getting their information online. And the e-book experience is closely related to the web – after all, ePub files are just HTML.

Other areas of publishing will succumb as the technology develops. Already, the iPad has given us a taste of how illustrated books might move to the digital world.

What does all this mean for publishers? Well, as it happens, publishers are more likely to be concerned with other implications of the e-book. They’re looking to their business models.

For example, for small presses and independent publishers it now makes sense to develop an ‘e-book first’ strategy. This is what we’re doing at WebVivant Press.

Make Do & CookOur publishing workflow is geared around producing high-quality e-books. We produce ePub editions for publishing via Apple’s iBookstore, Lulu (and, soon, Kobo and Barnes & Noble’s PubIt), plus a Kindle edition. We also produce free e-books and samples in ePub and PDF formats. The recently published Make Do & Cook is a good example of this.

We use Adobe InDesign to lay out the books, which means that it’s simple to create a print-ready PDF too. So far, we’ve used Lulu to create print editions, but we’re moving more towards Lightning Source.

The idea is that the e-book editions are our main products. They offer the best margins while still keeping the retail cost low. But we can offer a print version for those people who want it.

With an e-book, you can make a profit with cover prices as low as $2-3. With print books, given the cost of manufacture and mailing, the customer ends up paying, say, $10 for the same book even though the publisher makes no extra profit from it.

Book publishing has always been a difficult business. And what makes it difficult are all the wasteful and costly processes that intervene between author and reader – the costs incurred and profits taken by the publisher, printer, distributor and retailer. Revolutionising that model is where the e-book will have its greatest impact. So forget the arguments about how people like to read, whether the screens are good enough, and so on. The real case for e-books is a business one. And it’s a business model that benefits small publishers the most.